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¡¡Anti
Malarial
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Malaria is
the most common killer of all the parasitic diseases that affect
human. About 2000 million live in endemic areas. 300million people
are infected every year and most of them children. In sub-Saharan
Africa, over a million children die annually from the disease (WHO
1998). Malaria is a complex multi-system disease affecting
erythrocytes, the brain, lungs, kidneys, placenta and other tissues.
Plasmodium, a unicellular eukaryotic cell of the protozoa group is
the fatal parasite responsible for malaria. There are four species
of this parasite, Plasmodium falciparum (malignant tertian), vivax
(benign tertian malaria), malariae (quartan malaria) and ovale.
(Ovale tertian). Plasmodium falciparum is the most important
of the malaria plasmodium species. Epidemic of this age long disease
has been attributed the difficulties in diagnosis and control.
Although after long exposures, some people become protected with
acquired immunity, there is never a complete sterile immunity
acquired, even after so many exposures. It is reckoned that about 60
% of people infected show no symptoms, making case studies
difficult. P. Falciparum malaria causes morbidity and deaths
and is also influenced by other infectious diseases like measles and
also malnutrition. Vector control has proven futile, so the main
combat technique is through drug treatment, but this has so far not
been a successful story because of the complexity of the protozoa
¡®s life cycle, both in man and in the mosquito vector.
Immunisation would have been the next line of combat, but allelic
diversity and antigenic variation makes it difficult to develop a
suitable vaccine More......
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PHARMACOLOGY
OF CURRENT MALARIA CHEMOTHERAPY
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